Initial theoretical investigations and experimental studies have shown that battery systems based on aluminium, calcium or chlorine are sustainable and safe and offer high volumetric energy densities. However, studies on electrolytes and intercalation and conversion electrodes are not yet as advanced as in the case of Na- or Mg-based batteries. POLiS researchers are focusing on significantly expanding the current state of knowledge and increasing the technological maturity of the various battery components. The scientists are designing and carrying out feasibility studies of cells to enable further efforts towards cell manufacture. The experimental work on cell components is complemented by theoretical modelling of host structures and electrolytes as well as sustainability studies and life cycle analyses.